{"publication_id":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","content_hash":"sha256:9af04dfb4a0ba9d4c362fd3053c91af064ce86605690383009d85125df152e4c","nodes":[{"id":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","type":"publication","title":"Rapamycin extends lifespan / reduces mortality in mice (across ages, sexes, doses, and treatment regimens)"},{"id":"claim_1","type":"claim","text":"Across 7 independently cited sources, the evidence converges on one bounded claim: rapamycin extends lifespan / reduces mortality in mice (across ages, sexes, doses, and treatment regimens). Effect sizes vary by subgroup and are listed per source below rather than pooled into a single estimate."},{"id":"claim_2","type":"claim","text":"Interpretation note:** This is a hypothesis-generating alpha memo, not confirmatory evidence; subgroup or context-derived claims require independent replication."},{"id":"claim_3","type":"claim","text":"Real tension: the interesting signal is where the evidence stops generalizing: the memo is not a broad topic summary, but a testable boundary condition."},{"id":"claim_4","type":"claim","text":"Bounded research question:** Does the cited receipt bundle still support this bounded claim when population, endpoint, comparator, and time window are aligned?"},{"id":"claim_5","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=166319` (`A_core`) — Metformin (0.1%) combined with rapamycin (14 ppm) robustly extended lifespan, suggestive of an added benefit. doi=10.1111/acel.12496"},{"id":"claim_6","type":"claim","text":"_Boundary evidence only; these receipts broaden source context but do not independently prove the lead claim._"},{"id":"claim_7","type":"claim","text":"_No direct opposing receipt was selected by this run. Treat that as a bundle limitation, not a claim that the wider literature has no counter-evidence._"},{"id":"source_1","type":"source","study":"The gerotherapeutic drugs rapamycin, acarbose, and phenylbutyrate extend lifespan and enhance healthy aging in house crickets.","year":2026,"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7466146/v1","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41542057/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_2","type":"source","study":"The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway as a Target of Anti-aging Therapies: The Role of Rapamycin and Its Analogs in the Regulation of Cellular Processes and Their Impact on Longevity.","year":2025,"doi":"10.7759/cureus.98514","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41497909/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_3","type":"source","study":"DNA- and telomere-damage does not limit lifespan: evidence from rapamycin.","year":2021,"doi":"10.18632/aging.202674","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33578394/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_4","type":"source","study":"Transient rapamycin treatment can increase lifespan and healthspan in middle-aged mice","year":2016,"doi":"10.7554/eLife.16351","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27549339/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_5","type":"source","study":"Longer lifespan in male mice treated with a weakly estrogenic agonist, an antioxidant, an α‐glucosidase inhibitor or a Nrf2‐inducer","year":2016,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12496","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27312235/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_6","type":"source","study":"Rapamycin-mediated lifespan increase in mice is dose and sex dependent and metabolically distinct from dietary restriction","year":2014,"doi":"10.1111/acel.12194","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24472261/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_7","type":"source","study":"Rapamycin fed late in life extends lifespan in genetically heterogeneous mice","year":2009,"doi":"10.1038/nature08221","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19587680/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"}],"edges":[{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_1","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_2","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_3","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_4","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_5","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_6","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"af8247f3-a454-4caa-a1a1-f6759f6efc4e","to":"claim_7","type":"contains_claim"}],"screening":{"identified":7,"screened":7,"excluded":0,"included":7,"included_or_retained":7,"flow":["identified","screened","excluded_with_reasons","included"],"wording":"7 candidate receipts retained after source retrieval, deduplication, and topic filtering. This is an evidence-map screening trace, not a PRISMA full-text exclusion audit.","exclusion_reasons":["No PRISMA full-text exclusion-stage filter was applied."]}}