{"publication_id":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","content_hash":"sha256:e9a86f6bb800b76ef3c1855fb90374b800f45e8b622ff6d5c6721bdf69e80ae8","nodes":[{"id":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","type":"publication","title":"SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of serious heart failure events and related cardiovascular composite outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and/or heart failure"},{"id":"claim_1","type":"claim","text":"Across 4 independently cited sources, the evidence converges on one bounded claim: sGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of serious heart failure events and related cardiovascular composite outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and/or heart failure. Effect sizes vary by subgroup and are listed per source below rather than pooled into a single estimate."},{"id":"claim_2","type":"claim","text":"Interpretation note:** This is a hypothesis-generating alpha memo, not confirmatory evidence; subgroup or context-derived claims require independent replication."},{"id":"claim_3","type":"claim","text":"The surprise is the bounded heterogeneity: the cited direct receipts do not support one uniform effect estimate, so the useful alpha is the specific receipt map and its unresolved spread."},{"id":"claim_4","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=150888` (`A_core`) — SGLT2 inhibitors decreased the risk of serious heart failure events by 25-40% doi=10.1002/ejhf.1732"},{"id":"claim_5","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=156141` (`A_core`) — empagliflozin significantly decreases the mortality rate from cardiovascular causes [38% relative risk reduction (RRR)] doi=10.1186/s12933-018-0745-5"},{"id":"claim_6","type":"claim","text":"_Boundary evidence only; these receipts broaden source context but do not independently prove the lead claim._"},{"id":"claim_7","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=canagliflozin/auto/2016/mortality_95208` (`A_core`) — relative risk reductions in cardiovascular mortality (38%) doi=10.2174/1573399812666160613113556"},{"id":"claim_8","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=193807` (`A_core`) — Canagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome by 30% compared to placebo doi=10.4093/dmj.2025.0220"},{"id":"claim_9","type":"claim","text":"Treat this as a receipt map for choosing the next extraction, not as evidence that the topic has one unified effect. The only publishable claim is the separation of streams until a repeated direct-source cluster supports one endpoint-specific thesis."},{"id":"claim_10","type":"claim","text":"_No direct opposing receipt was selected by this run. Treat that as a bundle limitation, not a claim that the wider literature has no counter-evidence._"},{"id":"source_1","type":"source","study":"Autophagy Stimulation and Intracellular Sodium Reduction as Mediators of the Cardioprotective Effect of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors","year":2020,"doi":"10.1002/ejhf.1732","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32037659/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_2","type":"source","study":"Cost-Effectiveness of Dapagliflozin as a Treatment for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Multinational Health-Economic Analysis of DAPA-HF","year":2020,"doi":"10.1002/ejhf.1978","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_3","type":"source","study":"Potential mechanisms responsible for cardioprotective effects of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors","year":2018,"doi":"10.1186/s12933-018-0745-5","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29991346/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_4","type":"source","study":"Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus","year":2016,"doi":"10.1161/circulationaha.116.021887","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27470878/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_5","type":"source","study":"Empagliflozin for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview of Phase 3 Clinical Trials","year":2016,"doi":"10.2174/1573399812666160613113556","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27296042/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_6","type":"source","study":"Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors vs. Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4) Inhibitors for New-Onset Dementia: A Propensity Score-Matched Population-Based Study With Competing Risk Analysis","year":2021,"doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2021.747620","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34746262/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_7","type":"source","study":"SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Evolving Evidence and Clinical Application","year":2025,"doi":"10.4093/dmj.2025.0220","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40367988/","population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"}],"edges":[{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_1","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_2","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_3","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_4","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_5","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_6","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_7","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_8","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_9","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"a3bbb329-ee5b-47f5-b797-dd3b6fd29757","to":"claim_10","type":"contains_claim"}],"screening":{"identified":7,"screened":7,"excluded":0,"included":7,"included_or_retained":7,"flow":["identified","screened","excluded_with_reasons","included"],"wording":"7 candidate receipts retained after source retrieval, deduplication, and topic filtering. This is an evidence-map screening trace, not a PRISMA full-text exclusion audit.","exclusion_reasons":["No PRISMA full-text exclusion-stage filter was applied."]}}