{"publication_id":"89420d0f-7abc-427a-abec-7fc47b625264","traces":[{"claim_id":"claim_1","claim":"Across retrieved fact-level receipts for epigenetic_clocks, which endpoints show directionally favorable versus null/non-convergent signals, and what matched PICO remains untested?","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_2","claim":"Finding: Principal component-based epigenetic clock estimates of PhenoAge significantly increased in people over 50 following infection by an average of 2.1 years.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_3","claim":"This receipt-backed scoping note has one bounded signal: epigenetic_clocks shows context-dependent, not uniformly convergent associations across this 5-source primary bundle (2022-2025). Grouped by direction, other/mixed: 5 receipt(s). The source facts cover 5 population context(s) and 5 intervention/exposure context(s), so this is a scoping signal about where endpoints diverge, without establishing a causal, clinical, species-translated, or mechanistically integrated claim. The listed effect sizes remain source-specific across endpoints and populations; they are not pooled or averaged. Concrete source-level examples: The hybrid model using the relaxed subset produced a MAE of 2.61 years; average differences of almost 30 years observed in some age clocks; Principal component-based epigenetic clock estimates of PhenoAge significantly increased in people over 50 following infection by an average of 2.1 years.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_4","claim":"null/non-convergent or other/mixed: the extracted fact is null, mixed, or not directionally interpretable.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_5","claim":"other/mixed: Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination — Principal component-based epigenetic clock estimates of PhenoAge significantly increased in people over 50 following infection by an average of 2.1 years.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_6","claim":"Specific moderators in this bundle are outcome type (Median Absolute Error (MAE); accuracy), population/indication (83 individuals aged 9-70 years; Common dolphins (Delphinus delphis); blood; humans and dogs; people over 50 following test-confirmed non-hospitalized COVID-19), study design/evidence type (primary).","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_7","claim":"The selected receipts group because each carries a fact-level extraction for epigenetic_clocks; they separate by context (other source context) and endpoint, so they are not interchangeable evidence for one pooled claim.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_8","claim":"The signal is purely descriptive of effect-direction heterogeneity; it cannot support even a weak causal or comparative-efficacy inference, and pooling across these PICOs would be inappropriate.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Dental Ageing Offers New Insights Into the First Epigenetic Clock for Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis).","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72424"},{"study":"Cross‐tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans","doi":"10.1111/acel.14451","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.14451"},{"study":"Longitudinal Study of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks Prior to and Following Test-Confirmed COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccination","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2022.819749","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.819749"},{"study":"DNA methylation clocks for dogs and humans","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2120887119","url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120887119"},{"study":"Variations in Innate Immune Cell Subtypes Correlate with Epigenetic Clocks, Inflammaging and Health Outcomes.","doi":"10.1002/advs.202505922","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202505922"}]}]}