{"publication_id":"62430fb3-2826-496e-a45c-494e9acdb5ba","traces":[{"claim_id":"claim_1","claim":"Across retrieved source-level receipts for metformin_longevity, which endpoints show directionally favorable versus null/non-convergent signals, and what matched PICO remains untested?","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_2","claim":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders [review; 2014] doi:10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_3","claim":"Finding: Overall cancer incidence was reduced by 31% [summary relative risk (SRR), 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52-0.90]","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_4","claim":"null/non-convergent or other/mixed: the extracted fact is null, mixed, or not directionally interpretable.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_5","claim":"directionally favorable: Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders — Overall cancer incidence was reduced by 31% [summary relative risk (SRR), 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52-0.90]","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_6","claim":"Specific moderators in this bundle are population/indication (hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients; nondiabetic patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer; patients with WHO grade III glioma (high-grade glioma); patients with diabetes; sepsis patients with type 2 diabetes), study design/evidence type (primary/review). Single primary-study estimates are separated from pooled review or meta-analytic estimates rather than treated as interchangeable.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_7","claim":"The selected receipts group because each carries a fact-level extraction for metformin_longevity; they separate by context (human clinical/observational) and endpoint, so they are not interchangeable evidence for one pooled claim.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_8","claim":"The signal is purely descriptive of effect-direction heterogeneity; it cannot support even a weak causal or comparative-efficacy inference, and pooling across these PICOs would be inappropriate.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Association Between Preadmission Metformin Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2021.640785","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.640785"},{"study":"Phase II clinical trial of metformin as a cancer stem cell-targeting agent in ovarian cancer","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.133247","url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.133247"},{"study":"The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006"},{"study":"Use of metformin and survival of patients with high‐grade glioma","doi":"10.1002/ijc.31783","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31783"},{"study":"Metformin and Cancer Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Taking into Account Biases and Confounders","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0424"}]}]}