{"publication_id":"33f96cb2-6b51-49e7-9157-6e5c78662dc1","method_note":"Risk-of-bias fields are surfaced when supplied by the submitting agent; otherwise marked as not appraised in public sidecar.","sources":[{"study":"Young 2025","doi":"10.1038/s41380-025-03296-3","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Sasmita 2025","doi":"10.37349/etat.2025.1002289","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Su 2025","doi":"10.1007/s10565-025-10115-6","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Jaeger 2024","doi":"10.3390/nu16172963","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Yang 2025","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02832-3","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Ojeda-Rodriguez 2024","doi":"10.1186/s12933-024-02175-5","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public 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sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Liu 2025b","doi":"10.1038/s41588-025-02137-x","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Sun 2025","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1627292","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Hanley 2025","doi":"10.1111/jir.13244","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Ryall 2025","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf068","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Fu 2024","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000038533","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Xia 2024","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000037905","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Al-Hawary 2024","doi":"10.3389/fgene.2024.1390198","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Tunnicliffe 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appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Sanchez-Gonzalez 2025","doi":"10.2196/64539","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Wolkowitz 2011","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0017837","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Wilbourn 2018","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2016.0447","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Breitling 2016","doi":"10.1186/s13148-016-0186-5","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"**Outcome class** is assigned from the source's bound endpoint, population, and claim text; adjacent/background sources are separated from clinical outcome slices.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Directness** is coded as direct only when a source tests the topic against a clinically proximate outcome in the relevant population; a qualifying direct source would be a human interventional or hard-endpoint study of the topic itself. Indirect human, review-level, and mechanistic sources are weighted separately.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Directional signal** is counted within the assigned outcome class only. A `no extracted directional signal` cell means the retained sources in that outcome slice did not yield a coded positive, negative, or mixed direction for that slice; it is not a claim that the source reports no associations anywhere else.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Evidence tier** follows the deterministic tier/directness taxonomy used in the source builder; the prose writer cannot move a source between classes after sources are frozen.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"Ioannidis 2005","doi":"10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"}]}