{"publication_id":"32110f91-0ef4-4117-9031-000af0bdab66","method_note":"Risk-of-bias fields are surfaced when supplied by the submitting agent; otherwise marked as not appraised in public sidecar.","sources":[{"study":"Efficacy of morning versus afternoon aerobic exercise training on reducing metabolic syndrome components: A randomized controlled trial","doi":"10.1113/JP285366","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Aerobic exercise training improves not only brachial artery flow‐mediated vasodilatation but also carotid artery reactivity: A randomized controlled, cross‐over trial in older men","doi":"10.14814/phy2.15395","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training in Hypoxia Versus Normoxia on Body Composition and Metabolic Health in Overweight and/or Obese Populations: an Updated Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00918-6","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training with or without saffron supplementation on diabetes‐specific markers and inflammation in women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12125","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Feasibility of an unsupervised aerobic exercise training program for participants with persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-13905-4","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Feasibility and Efficacy of Low-to-Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise Training in Reducing Resting Blood Pressure in Sedentary Older Saudis with Hypertension Living in Social Home Care: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","doi":"10.3390/medicina59061171","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training Frequency on Arterial Stiffness in a Hyperglycemic State in Middle-Aged and Elderly Females","doi":"10.3390/nu13103498","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Testosterone Concentration in Individuals Who are Obese or Have Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00781-x","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Effects of Individualized Aerobic Exercise Training on Physical Activity and Health-Related Physical Fitness among Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Multimorbidity: A Randomized Controlled Trial","doi":"10.3390/ijerph18010101","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Aerobic Exercise Training Response in Preterm-Born Young Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure and Stage 1 Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial","doi":"10.1164/rccm.202205-0858OC","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Estimating the Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training on Novel Lipid Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","doi":"10.1007/s40279-023-01817-0","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Effect of aerobic exercise training on pulse wave velocity in adults with and without long-term conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1136/openhrt-2023-002384","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Aerobic exercise training combined with local strength exercise restores muscle blood flow and maximal aerobic capacity in long-term Hodgkin lymphoma survivors","doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00132.2024","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Systemic Biomarkers and Cognition in Late Middle-Aged Adults at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2021.660181","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The effect of blood flow restricted aerobic exercise training on pain, functional status, quality of life and hormonal response to exercise in fibromyalgia patients: a randomized double-blind study","doi":"10.23736/S1973-9087.25.08817-3","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation associated with aerobic exercise on the functional and physical capacity of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: ELETRIC study protocol","doi":"10.1186/s13063-023-07694-2","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effect of aerobic exercise training on asthma control in postmenopausal women (the ATOM-study): protocol for an outcome assessor, randomised controlled trial","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049477","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The effect of moderate and vigorous aerobic exercise training on the cognitive and walking ability among stroke patients during different periods: A systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0298339","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Effect of aerobic exercise training on the fat fraction of the liver in persons with chronic hepatitis B and hepatic steatosis: Trial protocol for a randomized controlled intervention trial— The FitLiver study","doi":"10.1186/s13063-023-07385-y","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effects of football versus aerobic exercise training on muscle architecture in healthy men adults: a study protocol of a two-armed randomized controlled trial","doi":"10.1186/s13063-020-04797-y","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Enhancing cognitive function in breast cancer survivors through community-based aerobic exercise training: protocol for a Hybrid Type I effectiveness–implementation study employing a randomised controlled design","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2025-104378","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Telemedicine-based individualised aerobic exercise training in Chinese adults with inactive or mildly active inflammatory bowel disease: study protocol for a single-centre, semi-crossover randomised controlled trial","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2025-103297","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effectiveness of aerobic exercise training in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09436-3","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Effects of simultaneous cognitive and aerobic exercise training on dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial","doi":"10.1186/s12877-020-1484-5","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Role of specialized pro-resolving mediators on inflammation, cardiometabolic health, disease progression, and quality of life after omega-3 PUFA supplementation and aerobic exercise training in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized 16-week, placebo-controlled interventional trial *","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.138392.1","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The effects of aerobic exercise training on inflammatory markers in adult tobacco smokers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107732","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Aerobic Exercise Training and Inducible Inflammation: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy, Young Adults","doi":"10.1161/JAHA.118.010201","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Metformin inhibits mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic exercise training in older adults","doi":"10.1111/acel.12880","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Association of serum myokines and aerobic exercise training in patients with spinal cord injury: an observational study","doi":"10.1186/s12883-016-0661-9","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Increased Skeletal Muscle Capillarization After Aerobic Exercise Training and Weight Loss Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Adults With IGT","doi":"10.2337/dc13-2358","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Cognitive effects of adding caloric restriction to aerobic exercise training in older adults with obesity","doi":"10.1002/oby.22525","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Safety and Efficacy of Aerobic Exercise Training Associated to Non-Invasive Ventilation in Patients with Acute Heart Failure","doi":"10.5935/abc.20180039","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The effects of aerobic exercise on eGFR, blood pressure and VO 2 peak in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-4: A systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0203662","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Aerobic Exercise Training with Brisk Walking Increases Intestinal Bacteroides in Healthy Elderly Women","doi":"10.3390/nu11040868","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Economic evaluation of aerobic exercise training in older adults with vascular cognitive impairment: PROMoTE trial","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014387","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The impact of aerobic exercise training with vascular occlusion in patients with chronic heart failure","doi":"10.1002/ehf2.12285","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"The effect of different doses of aerobic exercise training on endothelial function in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure: results from the DREW study.","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2011-090025","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Aerobic exercise training does not alter vascular structure and function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","doi":"10.1113/ep086379","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"review-level"},{"study":"Promotion of the mind through exercise (PROMoTE): a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise training in older adults with vascular cognitive impairment","doi":"10.1186/1471-2377-10-14","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"**Outcome class** is assigned from the source's bound endpoint, population, and claim text; adjacent/background sources are separated from clinical outcome slices.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Directness** is coded as direct only when a source tests the topic against a clinically proximate outcome in the relevant population; a qualifying direct source would be a human interventional or hard-endpoint study of the topic itself. Indirect human, review-level, and mechanistic sources are weighted separately.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Directional signal** is counted within the assigned outcome class only. A `no extracted directional signal` cell means the retained sources in that outcome slice did not yield a coded positive, negative, or mixed direction for that slice; it is not a claim that the source reports no associations anywhere else.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Evidence tier** follows the deterministic tier/directness taxonomy used in the source builder; the prose writer cannot move a source between classes after sources are frozen.","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"Ioannidis 2005","doi":"10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"}]}