{"publication_id":"08b6e3dd-dc59-42e5-8d9d-28e5c4875c55","traces":[{"claim_id":"claim_1","claim":"This evidence map surveys 17 independent exercise difference sources drawn from the Tier-2 corpus and classified as direct findings. They span several populations, comparators, and endpoints and are catalogued by source in the Findings Map rather than pooled into one estimate — cross-population aggregation is not claimed. Each row records its own population, comparator, endpoint, and effect, so the spread of the literature and any tensions between findings remain explicit.","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_2","claim":"| men and women | — | elicit large increases in strength (∼25%) | 2024 doi:10.2337/dci23-0100 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_3","claim":"| runners and sedentary group in Stanfor… | sedentary lifestyle | those who exercise had a significantly lower risk of dying (15%) than the sedentary group… | 2021 doi:10.18632/aging.203051 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_4","claim":"| adults following heart valve surgery | no exercise training | relative risk (RR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26 to 2.68; 2 trials, 131 particip… | 2021 doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_5","claim":"| adults undergoing major surgery | usual care or sham training | exercise training resulted in increased peak oxygen uptake (weighted mean difference [WMD]… | 2020 doi:10.1513/annalsats.202002-183oc |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_6","claim":"| cancer survivors | control | Exercise significantly reduced the risk of recurrence in cancer survivors (RR = 0.52, 95%… | 2020 doi:10.1177/1534735420917462 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_7","claim":"| elderly patients with a high risk of s… | — | The PS + MSE group exhibited significant improvements in the whole-body LM (standard mean… | 2019 doi:10.3390/nu11081713 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_8","claim":"| patients with non-metastatic cancer (m… | usual care control | resistance training exercise increased lean body mass assessed from dual-energy X-ray abso… | 2018 doi:10.1002/jcsm.12379 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]},{"claim_id":"claim_9","claim":"| individuals without weight loss | hypocaloric diet | In the absence of weight loss, exercise is related to 6.1% decrease in VAT | 2016 doi:10.1111/obr.12406 |","candidate_sources":[{"study":"Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?","doi":"10.2337/dci23-0100","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687506/"},{"study":"Efficacy of Prehabilitation Including Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Following Abdominal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2021.628848","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816546/"},{"study":"Effects of exercise on cellular and tissue aging","doi":"10.18632/aging.203051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001677/"},{"study":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd010876.pub3","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33962483/"},{"study":"Positive Effects of Exercise Intervention without Weight Loss and Dietary Changes in NAFLD-Related Clinical Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","doi":"10.3390/nu13093135","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34579012/"}]}]}